Neighboring galaxy M82 shows powerful winds. The early Universe should have contained much more of such specimens whose activity exceeded the observed one. Before you: X-ray information Chandra (blue), Spitzer infrared light (red), Hubble visible observation (orange and yellow-green)
Scientists have shown that hot diffuse gas located between galaxies has the same iron concentration as the galaxy clusters studied. Its enough to explore the Japanese companion Suzaku. It is believed that most of the iron appeared before the formation of the first galactic clusters.
It was possible to investigate the hot gas from the ten nearest clusters of galaxies. It turned out that everyone has approximately the same concentration of chemical elements. This confirms the assumption that most of the iron was formed and spread even before the first galactic clusters were created (10 billion years ago). Iron and other elements flew out of the galaxies due to the combined energy of billions of supernovae, as well as outbreaks of proliferation of supermassive black holes.
After the big bang, the space was filled only with helium, hydrogen and traces of lithium. The remaining elements known to us appeared inside the stars and were released as a result of their explosion (supernovae).
If these elements had appeared recently, the concentration of iron would be different in each cluster. But it is homogeneous, so elements appeared from the first stars and galaxies.
It also hints that the joint energy of supernovae and wind jets from supermassive black holes could intermix elements in space.
