New research suggests that Martian colonists may settle in an igloo-like structure near the cold north pole of the Red Planet to take advantage of the seasonally rich solar energy in this area.
Martian poles are known for their layered deposits of ice and dust, as well as the presence of perchlorate. Usually, the latter is used on Earth as rocket fuel. The new concept of the Martian outpost, presented by researchers from the Federal Polytechnic School of Switzerland (Lausanne), suggests placing people on the surface at the base for a period of 288 days. During this period, the North Pole is filled with sunlight. The buildings will be covered with a dome of polyethylene fiber, covered with a layer of 3-meter ice, resembling a needle.
Under the dome will establish a central core with a living space and three capsules, playing the role of castles in the air between the space and the appearance. The dome will cover the core and the capsules, so the researchers will be protected from radiation and micrometeorite strikes, as well as maintain a stable internal pressure.
Artistic vision of the research base
Initially, the poles seem to be inhospitable locations, but these are the best places to stay for a long time, as they have natural resources that can be used. Scientists wanted to think out a strategy based on selected technologies, as well as to outline a test scenario that can be implemented in 20 years.
At one time, the duration of stay of researchers can be 9 months. During the mission, they will be able to collect water, oxygen and nitrogen from the nearest ice. Oxygen dioxide in the Martian atmosphere, as well as silicon, iron, aluminum and sulfur in the soil can be used to create bricks, plastic, glass and fuel.
Artistic vision of a crane landing
A preliminary mission plan is ready. First, robots will be sent to Mars, which will independently create a small settlement for astronauts in the north polar region. They will also search for places with available resources. Then the crew will arrive. During the second mission, astronauts use a crane system that can rotate around Mars and move equipment from a spacecraft to the surface of the planet.
Artistic vision of the crane take-off
The automatic crane can be used repeatedly, based solely on Martian fuel. This will reduce the payload. The system of docking mechanism will be similar to that used on the ISS. After docking, the device will unload the delivery with the crew and deliver it to Mars.
Artistic vision of lifting the crane with the crew module
Researchers believe that the base will initially be able to support a crew of 6 astronauts. If this idea can be implemented, it will start the chain of development of space colonization.
Artistic vision of a crane in orbit
The first mission may seem complicated, but researchers need to try out the idea. The better they think over the details, the sooner it will turn to the implementation and the process of colonization.
