The material falls into a black hole at a speed of 90,000 km / s!

The material falls into a black hole at a speed of 90,000 km / s!

A new study indicates that a globule of earth-sized matter is sucked into a black hole at almost a third of the speed of light! The speed of light in vacuum is 299792 km / s. According to Einstein’s special theory of relativity, this is the maximum speed for anything traveling through our Universe. Now scientists fix matter with an indicator of 90000 km / s, which is fast enough to cross the Earth twice.

A recent event occurred in the galaxy PG211 + 143, 1 billion light-years distant from us. Researchers noticed it using the ESA XMM-Newton Space Telescope, observing space in x-ray light.

The material falls into a black hole at a speed of 90,000 km / s!

The characteristic structure of the disk when modeling the displaced disk structure around a rotating black hole

Formation of such enormous velocities is possible, since black holes are endowed with incredibly powerful gravitational fields. They are so strong that even the light cannot escape beyond the critical boundary (event horizon). There are several types of black holes. The most influential are called supermassive black holes located in most of the galactic nuclei, including our Milky Way.

If enough matter falls into a supermassive black hole, the region begins to glow in bright X-rays, which are caught at large distances. Then these objects are referred to as quasars or active galactic nuclei. But most of the black holes are too compact to pull out the material (most often it is gas) immediately. Instead, the material rotates around the black hole, forming an accretion disk. The gas spins up so quickly that it becomes hot and glowing, generating the observed radiation.

The material falls into a black hole at a speed of 90,000 km / s!

XMM-Newton Spacecraft

The gas orbit around a black hole is often considered to be combined with its rotation, but there is no hard evidence for this. It is still unclear how improper rotation can affect gas inflation, which is especially important for feeding supermassive black holes. The fact is that matter (interstellar gas clouds or isolated stars) can fall from any direction.

The members of the research team believe that the gas is shifted with the black hole spinning in PG211 + 143. In such cases, accretion discs may be twisted or broken. If jagged disks are a common characteristic, this will help explain why black holes in the early Universe have grown so huge. Such black holes will rotate relatively slowly, which will allow more gas to be heated in a shorter time period than previously thought.

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